Essential Guidelines for Preventing Optical Module Failures
The primary causes of optical module failure include degradation of performance due to ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) damage, as well as interruptions in the optical path caused by contamination and damage to the optical interface. The reasons for contamination and damage to the optical interface typically involve:
– The optical interface of the module being exposed to the environment for extended periods, leading to contamination by dust intrusion.
– If the end-face of the fibre optic connector in use is already contaminated, it may further contaminate the optical interface of the module.
– Improper handling of the connector end-face with a pigtail, such as causing scratches.
– The use of low-quality fibre optic connectors.
To effectively prevent optical module failure, measures are primarily taken in two aspects: ESD protection and physical protection.
ESD Protection
ESD damage is a key factor that leads to the degradation of performance or even complete loss of functionality in optoelectronic devices. Moreover, optoelectronic devices damaged by ESD are difficult to identify through testing, and once a failure occurs, it is challenging to quickly and accurately locate the problem.
Operational Guidelines
During the transportation or transfer of optical modules, they must be kept in anti-static packaging to prevent unnecessary removal or placement.
Before handling optical modules, it is imperative to wear proper anti-static gear, such as anti-static gloves and wristbands, and take comprehensive electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions when installing optical components, including optical modules. Moreover, ensure that testing and application equipment are connected to an effective grounding wire to maintain operational safety.
Regarding physical protection, the laser and temperature control circuit (TEC) inside optical modules are particularly sensitive and prone to damage or dislodgement from impacts. Therefore, caution should be exercised to prevent any physical damage during transportation and usage.
For cleaning the optical ports, gently wipe with a specialized cleaning swab to avoid contamination. Avoid using non-specialized cleaning tools as they may harm the optical ports. Applying excessive force with the cleaning swab could result in the metal inside the swab scratching the ceramic end-face of the port.
The installation and removal of optical modules should mimic manual handling, including the insertion and extraction actions, without the use of any tools.
Detailed Operational guidelines include:
– Handle optical modules with care to prevent dropping and damage;
– Insert optical modules by hand, avoiding the use of metal tools;
– To remove an optical module, first open the latch to the unlock position, then pull the latch without the use of metal tools;
– Clean the optical ports using specialized cleaning swabs only, refraining from inserting any metal objects into the ports for cleaning purposes.